There are many different type of celestial objects in this picture, definitely one of the most interesting in the Southern hemisphere to me.
From left to right:
- The globular cluster NGC 6723 in Sagittarius about 30.000 light years away, much more than the dust cloud. It contains more younger stars than the average globular cluster.
- The reflection nebulae NGC 6726, NGC 6727, NGC 6729 and IC 4812 that contains several Herbig–Haro objects (which seems to be some kind of protostars, see note) and some very young stars.
- The dark nebula and star forming region Bernes 157 (lower part of the molecolar cloud).
- A couple of small galaxies:
Note (from:
https://www.irida-observatory.org/Namibia-Tivoli/NGC6726/NGC6726.htm):
High-speed jets of material that travel away from the baby stars at velocities as high as one million kilometres per hour are slamming into the surrounding gas and creating shock waves. These shocks cause the gas to shine and create the strangely coloured glowing arcs and blobs known as Herbig–Haro objects. Herbig–Haro objects (HH) – after astronomers George Herbig and Guillermo Haro – are narrow jets of gas and matter ejected by young stars at speeds of 100 to 1000 kilometers per second that collide with the surrounding nebula, producing bright shock fronts that glow as the gas is heated by friction while the surrounding gas is excited by the high-energy radiation of nearby hot stars. These objects are transient phenomena, lasting not more than a few thousand years.
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