Celestial hemisphere:  Northern  ·  Constellation: Taurus (Tau)  ·  Contains:  Crab nebula  ·  LBN 833  ·  M 1  ·  NGC 1952  ·  Sh2-244
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M1 Crab Nebula, Steve Spring
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M1 Crab Nebula

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M1 Crab Nebula, Steve Spring
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M1 Crab Nebula

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Description

For three weeks in 1054, appeared a second star to our sun, visible during the day. Recorded by Chinese astronomers as a 'guest star' with evidence that it was also witnessed in Japan, Korea and Baghdad.

700 years later in 1758, Charles Messier was anticpating the return of Halleys Comet. Whilst seaching the sky for the comet, Messier happened across an object of a cloudy nature which he at first mistook for the comet. Realising that the object he was observing was fixed in the sky, he embarked upon creating the 'Messier Catalogue', documenting objects that could be mistaken for comets. This first object of 110, he categorised as M1.

In the early twentieth century, the analysis of early photographs of the M1 'cloud' taken several years apart revealed that it was expanding. Tracing the expansion backwards, it was calculated to have become visible from earth some 900 years previous. In 1928, amongst others, Edwin Hubble proposed associating M1 with the star of 1054, an idea that remained controversial until the nature of supernovae was understood.

The 'guest star' that was witnessed in 1054 is almost certainly the light emitted from the progenitor star exploding 6500 light years from Earth an event now known as SN1054. The object we see now is the remnant of this exploded star which now spans 6 light years across.

In 1968, the collaped star at the heart of M1 was found to be emitting radiation in rapid pulses, becoming one of the first pulsars to be discovered. In the case of M1, the neutron star at the centre has the mass of 1.4 times our own sun, is only the size of a city, and rotates every 30 seconds.

M1 has provided astronomy with a multidude of firsts and is magnificent.

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M1 Crab Nebula, Steve Spring