Celestial hemisphere:  Southern  ·  Constellation: Orion (Ori)  ·  Contains:  41 Ori A)  ·  41 Ori C  ·  41 Ori D  ·  41 the01 Ori  ·  42 Ori)  ·  42 c Ori  ·  43 Ori)  ·  43 the02 Ori  ·  44 Ori)  ·  44 iot Ori  ·  45 Ori  ·  Great Orion Nebula  ·  HD36528  ·  HD36539  ·  HD36540  ·  HD36559  ·  HD36606  ·  HD36629  ·  HD36655  ·  HD36670  ·  HD36671  ·  HD36782  ·  HD36842  ·  HD36843  ·  HD36865  ·  HD36883  ·  HD36917  ·  HD36918  ·  HD36936  ·  HD36938  ·  And 56 more.
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M42, M43 and the Running Man Nebula Sh2-279 (Improved Trapezium with additional 5s exposures), Mau_Bard
M42, M43 and the Running Man Nebula Sh2-279 (Improved Trapezium with additional 5s exposures), Mau_Bard

M42, M43 and the Running Man Nebula Sh2-279 (Improved Trapezium with additional 5s exposures)

Getting plate-solving status, please wait...
M42, M43 and the Running Man Nebula Sh2-279 (Improved Trapezium with additional 5s exposures), Mau_Bard
M42, M43 and the Running Man Nebula Sh2-279 (Improved Trapezium with additional 5s exposures), Mau_Bard

M42, M43 and the Running Man Nebula Sh2-279 (Improved Trapezium with additional 5s exposures)

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Description

This is probably the most photographed object in the sky, but I could not resist, and I took advantage of a short window of clear sky, even if the conditions were sub-optimal with a full moon close to the target.
I already photographed M42 with a longer focal at the very beginning of my astrophotography journey, and I wanted this time to picture it with my 80mm refractor including the Running Man Nebula in the field.

6 March 2023 update: I took a series of additional 5s sub-exposures to get a not saturated Trapezium (the famous 41 Theta Ori multiple star system in the core of M42), and here is the result with the 5 components of Theta Ori visible. The Canon 77D camera, that otherwise is delivering an unexpected good performance, at 1600 ISO has a limited full well, therefore broadband exposures  require some attention to keep saturation at bay.

M42 aka Sh 2-281
This is the Orion nebula, best known as Messier 42. It is located within the Orion A molecular cloud and is ionized by the Trapezium (Theta-1 Orionis) multiple star system, dominated by the O6 V class multiple Theta-1 Orionis C.
In 2007, the distance to the Orion nebula was determined with great accuracy using radio parallax as 414 +/- 7 parsecs. This is significantly closer than the 500 parsecs distance estimate often used previously.

The Orion Nebula contains a very young open cluster, known as the Trapezium Cluster due to the asterism of its primary four stars within a diameter of 1.5 light years. Two of these can be resolved into their component binary systems on nights with good seeing, giving a total of six stars. The stars of the Trapezium Cluster, along with many other stars, are still in their early years. The Trapezium Cluster is a component of the much larger Orion Nebula, an association of about 2,800 stars within a diameter of 20 light years. The Orion Nebula is in turn surrounded by the much larger Orion molecular cloud complex which is hundreds of light years across, spanning the whole Orion Constellation. Two million years ago the Orion Nebula cluster may have been the home of the runaway stars AE Aurigae, 53 Arietis, and Mu Columbae, which are currently moving away from the nebula at speeds greater than 100 km/s (62 mi/s).

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The top 5 components of Theta 1 Orionis, from my image published here. Components A, C, D were discovered and sketched by Galileo Galilei on 4 February 1617.


M43 De Mairan's Nebula
M43, also known as De Mairan's Nebula and NGC 1982, is a star-forming nebula with a prominent H II region in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It is physically part of the Orion Nebula M42, separate from that main nebula by a dense lane of dust known as the northeast dark lane. It is part of the much larger Orion molecular cloud complex.
The main ionizing star in this nebula is HD 37061 (variable star designation NU Ori).

Sh 2-279 Running Man Nebula
Located near in the sky to the Orion nebula, Sh 2-279 is often called the Running Man nebula and is a combination of a reflection nebula and an HII region. Sharpless says that this nebula is ionised by the B3 star HD 37018 (42 Orionis), SIMBAD gives a hotter B1 V class.

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