M13 Hercules globular cluster (Johannes Bock)

Celestial hemisphere: Northern · Constellation: Hercules (Her) · Contains: Hercules Globular Cluster · M 13 · NGC 6205 · NGC 6207

M13 Hercules globular cluster, Johannes Bock

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M13 Hercules globular cluster

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M13 Hercules globular cluster

Messier 13, also designated NGC 6205, and sometimes called the Great Hercules Cluster, is considered the most spectacular globular cluster in northern skies.

One of the reasons M 13 appears so large and bright is that is relatively nearby, about 25,100 light years away. At that distance, its angular diameter of 23' corresponds to 145 light years. The cluster also looks large and bright because it is, intrinsically, large and bright. M13 has an absolute magnitude of -8.7, which corresponds to a luminosity of a quarter million suns.

Messier 13 contains several hundred thousand stars; some sources even quote more than a million. The brightest is the variable star V11, with an apparent magnitude of 11.95. Toward the center of M 13, stars are about 500 times more concentrated than in the solar neighborhood. While the probability of collisions between stars in such a crowded region is negligible, the night sky seen from a planet near the center of of this globular cluster would be filled with thousands of stars brighter than Venus and Sirius!

Unlike open clusters, such as the Pleiades, globular clusters are tightly bound together by gravity, and contain very old, mostly red stars. The age of M 13 has revised to 12 billion years - nearly as old as the Milky Way galaxy itself. Born before the Galaxy's stars had a chance to create metals and distribute them them in its star-forming regions, M 13's iron content relative to hydrogen is just 5% of the Sun's.

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M13 Hercules globular cluster

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