The image below shows the south polar region of the Moon during an observation made on April 29, 2013, taking advantage of a favorable libration in latitude. A classic exercise when observing a region like this is trying to figure out the name of the craters that appear there. Let's start by Curtius in the lower left, then spent the Moretus, the crater located in the center of the image, with its bright central peak. A little beyond is Short, and a little to the right is the Newton and Newton D, G, A and B. A little further, almost in limbo is Cabeus, and, emerging from the limbus, one can see two peaks of mountains known as M4 and M5. Also interesting to note Malapert because if we make a triangulation imaginary (dotted) with Cabeus would have at the other end of the triangle the exact position of the Lunar South Pole (marked by x)

This technique should be called "Crater Hopping" and could be used more often by lunar observers who want to be located accurately.

Another interesting fact about the crater Cabeus is that it occurred was the impact of LCROSS probe aiming to prove the existence of water on moon

The results confirmed the impact significant amount of water in the Earth satellite, as disclosed by NASA:

Water represents a potential resource to sustain future lunar exploration.

Preliminary data from the LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite) indicate that the mission successfully uncovered water during the impacts made on October 9, 2009, in the area permanently covered in shadows Cabeus, near the south pole of the Moon

"We're ecstatic," said Anthony Colaprete, LCROSS scientist and principal investigator of the Research Center in Moffet Field, NASA.

"Multiple lines of evidence" show that water was present in both parts of the material ejected by the crater Cabeus, which makes it "safe to say she has water," he adds.

The research group used known "signatures" infrared spectral water and other materials and compared with the near-infrared spectra collected by the LCROSS for verification.

Scientists have long speculated about the source of vast quantities of hydrogen that have been observed at the lunar poles. Their findings show that water Lcross the moon to be greater in number and distributed at more than previously suspected star.

The impact created by the Centaur rocket upper stage of the LCROSS created a volume of material into two parts from the base of the crater, NASA says. The first part comprised of vapor and fine dust and the second, heavier materials.

"We are revealing the mysteries of our nearest neighbor and by extension the solar system," said Michael Wargo, chief lunar scientist at NASA headquarters in Washington.

The permanently shadowed areas "hold a key to the history and evolution of the Solar System," says the statement from NASA.

The space agency also says that since there were impacts, the LCROSS team of scientists "working nonstop" to analyze the huge amount of data the spacecraft collected.

The team focused on data from the satellite's spectrometers, which provide the most definitive information about the presence of water. A spectrometer examines light emitted or absorbed by materials that helps identify their composition.