This is a medium deep image of the galaxy NGC3628 by the beautiful Telescope called CEDES of Mirasteilas observatory in Graubünden. The limiting star g-magnitude is about 20.5mag. Further reading for this galaxy is available at
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_3628.
In the Version C of the image I have marked some quasars visible in this frame. The farthest with quite high redshift of z=2.15 or a light distance of 17.8Gly.
I am aware that any distance calculation at high redshifts is critical due to the impact of cosmological parameters which are constantly updated and reflect our to date understanding of cosmos.
For the distance calculation I used this online calculator using a Hubble Constant of H=69.6 and an open universe model.
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/CosmoCalc.htmlSo anyone is free to calculate the distances to his own preferred set of cosmological constants, It won't change much - they are far far away.
Another interresting aspect is the high density of quasars around this galaxy. The quasar redshift , if interpreted as distance, would prohibit any morphological link between NGC3628 and the quasars. To remember NGC3628 is at a distance of 34 to 40Mly (z=0.0028
and the Quasars are located at some 5 to 20 Gly.
So the question is, if the quasars are a product of ejection mechanisms of NGC3628, then there is something fundamentally wrong with the redshift to distance scale.
Further readings can be found here:
https://cds.cern.ch/record/563448/files/0206411.pdf and in ESO Messenger No: 107 (March 2002) p.38 (
https://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.107-mar02/messenger-no107.pdf)
Happy reading
CS
Michael
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