M27 Dumbbell HA/OIII/SII + RGB (Terry Hancock)

M27 Dumbbell HA/OIII/SII + RGB

These images of M27, The Dumbbell Nebula are another international collaboration between Andre van der Hoeven, Fred Herrmann and myself. M27 aka “Dumbbell” nebula is a planetary nebula 1300 light years distant in the constellation Vulpecula.

This deep version uses almost 40 hours of data collected in Michigan, Alabama and Holland using different telescopes and CCD cameras which were later combined into one final image. Using narrow band filters and very long exposures we were able to capture the outer hydrogen and oxygen shell of M27 which is not normally visible in amateur images and also present to you narrow band versions of this beautiful Planetary Nebula.

M27 was discovered by Charles Messier on the 12th of July 1764. This was the first planetary nebula discovered by him. The name Dumbbell Nebula was given by John Herschel later when he took a better look at the shape of the nebula.

M27 is the second brightest planetary nebula in the sky, with a magnitude of 7.4. This nebula is next to M57 one of the most studied planetary nebulae.

The central star has a magnitude of 13.5 and has a surface temperature of about 85.000K. This star is part of a binary system, where the second star only has a magnitude of 17. The nebula has a complex structure of several shells. The central shell is about 1.2′ by 0.8′ and is a bit elongated. Perpendicular to this shell is the hourglas shaped shell of the nebula with a size of 4.5′ by 2.5′. This is all embedded in an elliptical shape of about 8.4′ by 6.1′.

The total exposure time can be divided as follows:

H-alpha (total: 15 h):

C11 / SXV-H9 @ f6.3: 5 x 1800 s

Astro-tech 10" RC / QHY9 @ f8 4 x 2400 s, 2 x 3600 s

Astro-tech 12″ RC / SBIG-ST10 @ f8: 8 x 1800 s

Robtics ED110 / SXV-H9 @ f7: 8 x 1800 s

O-III (total: 15.5 h):

C11 / SXV-H9 @f6.3: 13 x 1800 s

Astro-tech 10” RC / QHY9 @f8 6 x 2400 s

Astro-tech 12″ RC / SBIG-ST10 @ f8: 6 x 1800 s

Robtics ED110 / SXV-H9 @f7: 4 x 1800 s

SII (total: 3,5 h):

Astro-tech 12″ RC / SBIG-ST10 @ f8: 7 x 1800 s

RGB (total: 2,5 h):

Astro-tech 10" RC / QHY9 @ f8: R: 8×600 s, G: 4x600s , B: 4×600 s

Luminance (total: 1 h):

Astro-tech 10” RC / QHY9 @f8: 2×600 s, 2×900 s

Total: 37.5 hours

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