M 81
- Messier 81 also known or Bode's Galaxy (NGC 3031) is a spiral galaxy about 12 million light-years away from Earth, with a diameter of 90,000 light years, in the constellation Ursa Major.
- Messier 81 was first discovered by Johann Elert Bode on 31 December 1774.
- It is estimated M81 has 210 ± 30 globular clusters. In late February 2022, astronomers reported that M81 may be the source of FRB 20200120E, a repeating fast radio burst.
- Only one supernova has been detected in Messier 81. The supernova, named SN 1993J, was discovered on 28 March 1993 by F. García in Spain.
- The variations in SN 1993J's luminosity over time were not like the variations observed in other type II supernovae, and has been classified as a type IIb, a transitory class between type II and type Ib. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_81
M 82
- Messier 82 also known as Cigar Galaxy (NGC 3034) is a Starburst galaxy approximately 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. A member of the M81 Group discovered by Johann Elert Bode.
- It is about five times more luminous than the Milky Way and has a center one hundred times more luminous.
- The starburst activity is thought to have been triggered by interaction with neighboring galaxy M81.
- On April 2010, radio astronomers working at the Jodrell Bank Observatory of the University of Manchester in the UK reported an object in M82 that had started sending out radio waves, and whose emission did not look like anything seen anywhere in the universe before.It has been suggested that the object could be an unusual "micro quasar", having very high radio luminosity yet low X-ray luminosity, and being fairly stable
- Scientists also discovered in 2014, the brightest pulsar yet known, designated M82 X-2.
- Believed to be an irregular galaxy, in 2005 two symmetric spiral arms were discovered in near-infrared (NIR) images of M82. The arms had been missed due to M82's high disk surface brightness, the nearly edge-on view of this galaxy (~80°), and obscuration by a complex network of dusty filaments in its optical images.
- In 2005, the Hubble Space Telescope revealed 197 young massive clusters in the starburst core. The average mass of these clusters is around 200,000 solar masses, the core is a very energetic and high-density environment. Throughout the galaxy's center, young stars are being born 10 times faster than they are inside the entire Milky Way Galaxy.
- Several supernovas was discovered in the last two decades the last on 21 January 2014 at 19.20 UT, a new distinct star was observed in M82, at apparent magnitude +11.7, by astrophysics lecturer Steve Fossey and four of his students, at the University of London Observatory. Preliminary analysis classified it as "a young, reddened type Ia supernova". The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has designated it SN 2014J.
- Gravitational interactions of M81 with M82 and NGC 3077 have stripped hydrogen gas away from all three galaxies, forming gaseous filamentary structures in the group. These interactions have allowed interstellar gas to fall into the centers of M82 and NGC 3077, leading to vigorous star formation or starburst activity there. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_82
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It is probably the project with the most accumulated sessions we have done until now, (maybe the Sh2 129 that will work next will superate it).
A total of six stacks were made, billinear/AHD and 2 drizzle in DSS and Siril for L-Pro and Enhance-Exterminator-TriadQuad filters. In addition to doing the extraction Ha and [OIII].
The L-Pro's workflow for the star-only base went smoothly. The workflow with the Extreme-Triad-Enhace was also quite easy. Those four worked stacks was blended in a final image.
The Ha obtained from Siril was used as luminance and also added 40% of it in the red channel of the Ext-Enh-Triad stack 2 drizzle to highlight the areas of the galaxies where that information was contained.
Finally I used the Generalized Hyperbolic Transformation that is in Siril tools on a starless galaxies partial worked and I was satisfied with the stretch performed, in another opportunity I will do it in linear.
My knowledge of the programs is still quite limited and sometimes it is frustrating not being able to reach an objective knowing that the necessary information is in the data contained.
So no matter how many times I tried to get the fine interstellar dust out of the image, I always ended up with something impossible to watch.
Having more than 22 hours of accumulated data around the NGC 3077, M 81 and M82, that surely offer the information you need, is quite frustrating not achieve it.
Although we are satisfied with the details obtained from both M 81 and M 82 and even NGC 3077, I hope to reprocess this work in the future and be able to observe the IFD.
Thank you for visiting us and observing our work.
Processed September 2022
https://twitter.com/AstroOtus/status/1569741739140726789
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