Celestial hemisphere:  Northern  ·  Constellation: Taurus (Tau)  ·  Contains:  16 Tau  ·  17 Tau  ·  18 Tau  ·  19 Tau)  ·  19 q Tau  ·  20 Tau  ·  21 Tau  ·  22 Tau  ·  23 Tau  ·  24 Tau  ·  25 Tau)  ·  25 eta Tau  ·  26 Tau  ·  27 Tau  ·  28 Tau  ·  Asterope  ·  Atlas  ·  Barnard's Merope Nebula  ·  Celaeno  ·  Electra  ·  HD23061  ·  HD23156  ·  HD23157  ·  HD23158  ·  HD23194  ·  HD23246  ·  HD23247  ·  HD23289  ·  HD23325  ·  HD23326  ·  And 103 more.
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A Pleiades postcard, Joe Matthews
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A Pleiades postcard

Getting plate-solving status, please wait...
A Pleiades postcard, Joe Matthews
Powered byPixInsight

A Pleiades postcard

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I needed something to do while waiting to head out to a restaurant on the Rancocas water front for Thanksgiving Supper with my Wife and her Brother and his Wife.  So I thought why not look back to October 22 and November 12 for something to do and this is what I came up with.  So I am treating this as a new image.

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A good Sky and Telescope article on the Pleiades https://skyandtelescope.org/observing/meet-the-pleiades-the-seven-sisters/

Messier 45 (M45), also known as the Pleiades or Seven Sisters, is a bright open star cluster located in the constellation Taurus, the Bull. The Pleiades cluster has an apparent magnitude of 1.6 and lies at an average distance of 444 light years from Earth. The cluster is also known as Melotte 22. It does not have an NGC designation.
Messier 45 contains a number of hot, blue, extremely luminous B-type stars and is one of the nearest star clusters to Earth. It is the easiest object of its kind to see without binoculars. M45 has a core radius of 8 light years and its tidal radius extends to about 43 light years. The cluster is home to more than 1,000 confirmed members, but only a handful of these stars are visible to the naked eye. The total mass of M45 is estimated at about 800 solar masses.The Pleiades cluster occupies an area of 110 arc minutes, about four times the apparent diameter of the full Moon. Up to 14 stars are visible without binoculars in good conditions, with clear skies and no light pollution. The best time of year to observe M45 from northern latitudes is during the winter months, when Taurus constellation rises high in the sky. Because of the cluster’s apparent size, the best way to see it is through binoculars and small or wide field telescopes. Higher magnification is only recommended for studying individual stars.The names of the nine brightest stars in M45 are taken from Greek mythology and they represent the Pleiades, the Seven Sisters – AsteropeElectraMeropeMaiaCelaenoTaygeta, and Alcyone – and their parents, Pleione and Atlas.

The stars in the Pleiades cluster have formed in the last 100 million years and they will stay gravitationally bound to each other for another 250 million years before the cluster disperses as a result of tidal interactions with other objects in the neighbourhood. By that point, the cluster will have moved from Taurus to Orion.Messier 45 has a faint reflection nebula surrounding it, named Maia Nebula, after one of the cluster’s brightest stars. The nebula is not related to the cluster’s formation, but is merely a dust cloud through which the Pleiades stars are currently passing. Like other nebulae in the Pleiades cluster, the Maia Nebulahas a different radial velocity than the cluster itself, indicating that the two are unrelated and only crossing paths by chance.The brightest reflection nebula in M45 is the Merope Nebula, surrounding the star Merope. The nebula is also known as Tempel’s Nebula, after its discoverer, the German astronomer Wilhelm Tempel.In addition to Maia and Merope, reflection nebulae have also been found around the stars AlcyoneTaygetaElectra and Celaeno. American astronomer Edward Emerson Barnard also discovered a bright knot near Merope, which was later designated as IC 349 and nicknamed Barnard’s Merope Nebula.Messier 45 has an estimated age of 150 million years. It does not contain extremely high-mass O-type stars or the brightest kind of B-type stars, which means that star formation in the cluster ended at least 80 million years ago.Up to 25 percent of the stars in the Pleiades cluster are brown dwarfs, objects with less than 8 percent of the Sun’s mass, and their combined mass is less than 2 percent of the total mass of the cluster.One of the stars in the cluster, designated HD 23514, was discovered to be surrounded by a large number of hot dust particles, also known as planetesimals, which orbit within the star’s circumstellar disk. The discovery, made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, could indicate planet formation around the star. HD 23514 is a class F6 main sequence star less than a million years old.The cluster is home to a large number of X-ray sources, which are usually associated with stars that exploded as supernovae. X-ray sources are powered by dust and gas accelerated by objects like neutron stars or black holes.The remaining B-type members of M45 do not have enough mass to create supernova events, but will eventually eject their outer layers to form planetary nebulae, leaving behind white dwarfs to illuminate the clouds of expelled material.

@Messier-Objects.com

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A Pleiades postcard, Joe Matthews