Celestial hemisphere:  Northern  ·  Constellation: Leo (Leo)  ·  Contains:  73 Leo  ·  73 n Leo  ·  IC 2645  ·  IC 2661  ·  IC 2666  ·  IC 2681  ·  IC 2684  ·  IC 2694  ·  IC 2704  ·  IC 2708  ·  IC 2745  ·  IC 2752  ·  IC 2754  ·  IC 2761  ·  IC 2762  ·  IC 2765  ·  IC 2769  ·  IC 2777  ·  IC 2782  ·  IC 2787  ·  Leo  ·  Leo Triplet  ·  M 65  ·  M 66  ·  NGC 3593  ·  NGC 3596  ·  NGC 3623  ·  NGC 3627  ·  NGC 3628  ·  PGC 1391204  ·  And 237 more.
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Leo Triplet, JDAstroPhoto
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Leo Triplet

Getting plate-solving status, please wait...
Leo Triplet, JDAstroPhoto
Powered byPixInsight

Leo Triplet

Equipment

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Acquisition details

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Description

Episode 11 marks a personal milestone for astronomical data acquisition.  The nights of Cot Tent camping are over.  I purchased a new Mercedes Sprinter Diesel RV Van (Grech Turismo-ION 4x4).  This made the lengthy acquisition (6 nights) of the Leo Triplet data at Bortle 1 and Bortle 3 sites much more enjoyable.  I joked with my wife that I was coming home when one of the following things happened: I ran out of Diesel, I ran out of water, I ran out of food, I ran out of electricity (18,000 watt hours) or I ran out of booze, whichever comes first.  Can you guess which one ran out first?
My first 2 nights were spent at Rice Divisional Camp Rice on the 62  just west of Vidal Junction.  This southern Mojave Desert area was used by General Patton to train recruits to fight the Germans and Rommel in North Africa.  The Camp was decommissioned shortly after WWII and the only thing left there now is a huge concrete pad (which the Marines in Osprey's still use for touch and go's) and dirt roads where the barracks were.  That is truly a Bortle 1 site, which is absolutely amazing.  Studying the sky at night (with no moon) all the way to the horizon with no light domes, you come to an understanding quickly of what the ancients saw when they looked up and started to name the constellations.  They just jump out at you, The Gemini Twins staring at you, Draco snaking between the Ursa Major (Big Dipper) and Ursa Minor (Little Dipper).  Hydra is also a standout, laying across the sky in a series of W's.  Then there is Leo, so detailed, and it so happens our Episode 11 target, the Leo Triplet galaxies are right at the "hind" leg of Leo.  The second location was 4 nights at my Astronomy Club's dark sky property, San Diego Astronomy Association (SDAA) at Tierra Del Sol, Bortle 3 location.  
Leo Triplet
It is the Galaxy Season, March - May, because of where the earth's location is relative to the sun, we have the opportunity to observe the most amount of Galaxies in the night sky.    The Leo Triplet are 3 interacting Galaxies 35 million light years from earth, each containing a billion or so stars.  So you are seeing the past, what the galaxies looked like 35 million years ago.  As you look at the image, NGC 3628 is on the left an "edge on" galaxy, affectionately called the Hamburger Galaxy.  M65 is in the middle and M66 bottom right.  To give you a sense of scale M66 is 95 light years across.  
NGC 3628 (Hamburger) and M66 (bottom right) are vibrant star-making galaxies with a tremendous amount of dust lanes that are the fuel for the birth of stars.  M65, on the other hand, is shy on dust and we don't see as much gas as we see in M66.  M65 is an older galaxy and its rapid star formation days seem a thing of the past (at least 30 million years ago).  M66 is loaded with red (hydrogen, Sulfur) and blue (oxygen) gas and dust.  A literal birthplace for stars.  You can also see on M66 the outer spiral arm being gravitationally pulled away from M66.  Even though the spiral arms look like "clouds" , those are millions of stars that are so far away they cannot be individually discerned,  they blend together making the arms appear as cloudy structures surrounding the center core.   
I am especially excited that I was able to capture the very faint huge plum that extends out from the bottom of NGC 3628 (Hamburger) galaxy.  You will have to look at the full resolution to see it and look closely, it is at least as big as the galaxy itself and is probably composed of dust and stars.  Another key observation is how "fat" the edge-on galaxy is, this also signifies the gravitational pull (interaction) from the other 2 galaxies.  
Acquisition:
I captured this astronomical data using wide band (visible light) Luminance, Red, Green and Blue filters at Rice Divisional Camp Rice (Southern Mojave) 4/16 and 4/17 and SDAA, Tierra Del Sol 4/24, 4/25, 4/26 and 4/27.
82 Frames 10 minute exposures each, Luminance - 13 hours 40 min
34 Frames 10 minute exposures each, Red - 5 hours 40 min
36 Frames 10 minute exposures each, Green - 6 hours
36 Frames 10 minute exposures each, Blue - 6 hours
Total exposure 31 hours 20 min.

The color in this image was calibrated with the Gaia Spacecraft spectrophotometric measurements to ensure the colors you are seeing are representative of the true spectral properties of the galaxies and stars.  Therefore it is accurate to conclude, the blue stars are typically hotter and brighter, the red stars cooler and bigger.  Blue colors in galaxies are Nebulas rich in Oxygen; Reddish, Sulfur and Hydrogen.  

I've added a plate solving algorithm from PixInsight which overlays the image and identifies the objects in the Star Catalogs.  
The image is 61 million pixels (9576x6388). All the details are in the full resolution image so ensure that you get to see the galaxies at full resolution.    

Click on the image, Top right click on full resolution, After it loads, top right, click on "Fit to Window".  
For the galaxy hunters, all the NGC PGC objects identified in this image are galaxies.  Hover your cursor over one of the catalog objects and click on the object and the full resolution image will come up, you will be able to identify the galaxies.

Cropped (3112x2012) version of the original (9336x6036) link

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Leo Triplet, JDAstroPhoto

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SDAA AISIG Group